Hundraser
A dog breed is a particular hundraser of dog that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. Dogs are the most variable mammal on Earth, with hundraser selection producing upward of globally recognized breeds. Their behavioral traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hyper-social behavior, boldness, and aggression.
Most breeds were derived from small numbers of founders within the last years. As a result of their adaptability to many environments and breedability for human needs, today dogs are the most abundant carnivore species and are dispersed around the world.
A dog breed will consistently produce the physical traits, movement and temperament that hundraser developed over decades of selective breeding. For each breed they recognize, kennel clubs and breed registries usually maintain and publish a breed standard which is a written description of the ideal specimen of the breed. Prior to the standardization hundraser dog breeds, there were many different types of dogs that were defined by their own, unique functions.
Many different terms were used to describe dogs, such as breed, strain, type, kind, and variety. By the end of the Victorian era, society had changed and so did the role of dogs.
Alla 12 svenska hundraser (med bilder och fakta)
The form was given a more prominent role than function. Driven by dog shows and the groups that hosted them, the term dog breed took on an entirely new meaning. Dog show competitions included best-in-breed winners, and the purebreds were winning. The Kennel Club in the UK was founded inand was the world's first national kennel club and breed registry. Its objective is to bring global uniformity to the breeding, exhibiting and judging of pure-bred dogs.
It now has 99 member countries. It states: " Great Britain and France are the ground zero of dog fancying, with 57 registered breeds each. Germany is not far behind, with 47 breeds. Ina study showed that 9, years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Islandarctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.
The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. The optimal maximum size for a sled dog is 20—25 kg 44—55 lb based on thermo-regulation, and the hundraser sled dogs were between 16—25 kg 35—55 lb. The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs from this region 2, years ago and in the modern Siberian Husky breed standard.
Other dogs were larger at 30 kg 66 lb and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting. Between 3, hundraser 4, years ago greyhound -types of dogs were depicted on pottery and paintings in Egypt and Western Asia.
Alfabetisk lista över hundraser – Wikipedia
Mastiff -type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivoreto have been domesticated. The first dogs were certainly wolflike, but the phenotypic changes that coincided with the dog—wolf genetic divergence are not known. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.
The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within the entire order of carnivores. These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur type and colour. Their personality traits include hypersocial behavior, boldness, hundraser aggression, [ 2 ] which demonstrates the functional and behavioral diversity of dogs.
A genetic study identified 51 regions of the dog genome which were associated with phenotype variation among breeds in the 57 traits studied, which included body, cranial, dental, and long bone shape and size. There were three quantitative trait loci that explained most of the phenotype variation. Indicators of recent selection were shown by many of the 51 genomic regions that were associated with traits that define a breed, which include body size, coat characteristics, and ear floppiness.
Ina study looked at the hundraser of purebred dogs representing 85 breeds. The study identified 9 breeds that could be represented on the branches of a phylogenetic tree which grouped together with strong statistical support and could be separated from the other breeds with a modern European origin. These 9 breeds had been referred to as "ancient breeds". The study found that the Pharaoh Hound and Ibizan Hound were not as old as once believed; rather, they had been recreated from combinations of other breeds, and that the Norwegian Elkhound grouped with the other European dogs despite reports of direct Scandinavian origins dating back 5, years.
20 mest populära hundraserna i Sverige 2022
Dog types are broad categories of dogs hundraser on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. In contrast, modern dog breeds are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of hundraser characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the product of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era — The study found distinct genetic clusters within modern dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or function.
These included spitz-breeds, toy dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, small terriers, retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds.